1. wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句

　　表示現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,從句的謂語(yǔ)用過去式;表示過去未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,從句的謂語(yǔ)用had + 過去分詞;表示將來不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,從句的謂語(yǔ)用would + 動(dòng)詞原形。如:

I wish I knew the answer to the question.

我真希望知道這個(gè)問題的答案。

　 (事實(shí)上不知道)

I wish I had not wasted so much time.

我真希望沒有浪費(fèi)這么多時(shí)間�！　　�

(事實(shí)是已經(jīng)浪費(fèi)了)

I wish you would go with us tomorrow.

但愿你明天跟我們一起去。

(你去的可能性不大)

2. as if 或as though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句

表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,從句的謂語(yǔ)用過去式;表示與過去事實(shí)相反,用had +過去分詞;表示與將來事實(shí)可能相反,用would + 動(dòng)詞原形。如:

She looks as if she were sick.

她看起來像病了似的�！　�(其實(shí)沒病)

He looks as if nothing had happened to him.

他看上去好像什么事都沒發(fā)生似的。

(事實(shí)是出問題了)

He talks about the book as if he had written it.

他說起那本書來就好像是他寫的。

(書不是他寫的)

如果as if / as though引導(dǎo)的從句所表述的內(nèi)容與事實(shí)相符,應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。如:

It looks as if our team is going to win.

看來我們隊(duì)要贏了。

(場(chǎng)上情況表明有可能)

3. if only后的句子

表示現(xiàn)在沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,動(dòng)詞用過去式;表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,動(dòng)詞用had+過去分詞；表示與將來事實(shí)可能相反的假設(shè),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用would+動(dòng)詞原形，could+動(dòng)詞原形或虛擬語(yǔ)氣過去時(shí),常譯為“要是……就好了”。如:

If only I could learn English well in one day.

要是能在一天內(nèi)把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好就好了。

(事實(shí)上做不到)

If only I had not been late for the interview.

要是我面試沒遲到就好了。(事實(shí)上遲了)

If only Simon would reply to my letter.

要是西蒙能給我回信就好了。

(事實(shí)上不會(huì)回信)

4. would rather后的從句

表示現(xiàn)在的愿望,動(dòng)詞用過去式;表示過去的愿望,動(dòng)詞用had + 過去分詞。

I would rather she were not present.

我寧可她不在場(chǎng)。 (事實(shí)是她在場(chǎng))

I would rather he had told me the truth.

我寧可他告訴我事實(shí)真相�！　　　　　�

(事實(shí)是他沒告訴我事實(shí)真相)

5. It is (about / high) time后的定語(yǔ)從句

表示該做某事而沒做,從句謂語(yǔ)用過去式。

It is time that we went home.

我們?cè)摶丶伊恕?實(shí)際沒走)

It is high time that you went to bed.

你早該睡覺了。

6. advise， suggest， order， require， command， demand， desire， propose， insist， request等后的賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should常被省略。

He proposes that we(should) discuss the problem further.　

他建議我們進(jìn)一步討論那個(gè)問題。